| Compliance with the ADEA/OWBPA |
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| After the United States Supreme Court decided Ohio v. Betts in 1989, Congress amended the ADEA by passing The Older Workers Benefit Protection Act of 1990 3 (OWBPA). The OWBPA further clarifies Congress's original intent relative to age-based discrimination in the area of employee benefits. Under the OWBPA, an employee may reduce benefits for older workers only when the cost of providing reduced benefits is the same as it is for younger workers. An employer cannot prevent an older employee's pension from accumulating or accruing if the employee works past normal retirement age. The practice of forcing older workers to take early retirement is also addressed.
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| Stock and Commodity Exchange Volatility Controls |
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| Stock exchanges such as the New York and American Stock Exchanges and trading facilities such as Nasdaq are considered self-regulatory organizations under federal securities laws. To reduce volatility, securities and commodities markets have adopted several mechanisms known as circuit breakers, the collar rule, and price limits.More... |
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| Injunctive Relief Under Federal Antitrust Laws |
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| Injunctions may be sought to prevent a violation of federal antitrust laws from occurring or to halt an ongoing violation of the federal antitrust laws. Section 15 of the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C.S. § 25, provides for injunctions sought by the government. The section gives U.S. District Courts jurisdiction to prevent and restrain violations of the Clayton Act and directs U.S. Attorneys, under the supervision of the Attorney General, to file actions seeking to prevent and restrain the violations. Section 16 of the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C.S. § 26, authorizes "any person, firm, corporation, or association" to seek injunctive relief against threatened loss or damage by a violation of the antitrust laws.More... |
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| The Rule 504 Exemption From Registration Requirements For Small Securities Offerings |
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| Prior to offering and selling its stock to the public, a company normally must prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a detailed registration statement containing a prospectus with audited financial statements for distribution to potential purchasers and other information for review by Commission staff. However, there are exemptions from such registration requirements for certain categories of offerings that are small in value or sold to restricted categories of purchasers. More... |
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| Director Committees for NASDAQ-Listed Companies |
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| Required Independent Director Committees for NASDAQ-Listed CompaniesMore... |
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